When establishing a telework program for your company, you should strongly consider having a formal telework policy. This written document will outline the program, eliminate gray areas, and help to prevent future disputes. As with any business planning document, it should be considered a "living document" and therefore should be revisited at least once a year.
Your telework policy may contain a wide range of terms and conditions, but should definitely include answers to the following five questions:
1)
Which jobs within your company are telework-friendly? Not every job is well suited for remote execution, and some job titles that are easily teleworked in another company may not be in yours. Along the same lines, what types of employees are best suited for telework? Be honest. Elements from previous performance appraisals can provide clues - generally, you're looking for self-starters, those who produce quality work on time and without a huge amount of oversight, and employees who are comfortable working independently.
2)
Where can a teleworking employee consider a suitable "alternate work site"? For some people, like computer programmers, a coffee shop may work fine, but for others, like salespeople or customer support reps who are on the phone all the time, a dedicated home office may be required. Again, be honest, and do all you can to get buy-in from the employees so they don't find this decision to be a burden on their productivity.
3)
What sort of equipment does a teleworker need, and who's going to pay for it? Does the remote worker need a dedicated laptop, or can they use their personal home PC? Do they need a dedicated phone line, a special phone, or a high-quality headset? Will they be handling company paper and require a fireproof safe or other locking file cabinet? What kind of software will be available to get them to company IT resources (VPN, Remote Desktop, etc)? If answered incorrectly - or worse, ignored - these details can impact efficiency and cause even the best worker to become less productive. With the right environment, that same worker is likely to gain productivity, so pay careful attention to these items.
4)
What sort of communication schedule should the teleworker adhere to? Are there daily or weekly team meetings or conference calls already? If so, is there a good way for the teleworker to participate (i.e. conference bridge or WebEx/GoToMeeting)? If you don't have regularly scheduled communication opportunities, perhaps now is the time to implement them. What times of day should the teleworker be available for ad-hoc communication from colleagues, and, just as importantly, what times will colleagues be available for communication from the teleworking employee? Does everyone have email / IM / Twitter / Facebook to allow for comfortable interaction? Communication is perhaps the most subtle, but most critical stumbling block for telework - when we're not all in the same physical location, it takes a little bit of effort and forethought to ensure that teams still cohere, and that the company doesn't lose its sense of shared purpose. By scheduling regular communication opportunities, and establishing a solid calendar of coworker availability, you can achieve purposeful and productive communication rather than the random and often distracting communication at the water cooler.
5)
Is telework right for you and your organization? We generally advise against full-time telework all the time. A day or two in the office each week, or at least each month, can be very valuable. Relationship-building, brainstorming, creative thinking, and many other aspects of business life simply work better when conducted in person at least some of the time. Working entirely distant from colleagues can be successful, but it requires such an extreme effort that the benefits are generally outweighed by the cost. For some, it is undoubtedly the right decision - but a decision that should be made with great care. In most cases, research and anecdotal experience points to 3 telework days each week (give or take 1) as the ideal scenario. In-office days can be used for creative, synergistic, team-oriented activities, and work-at-home days can be used for document creation, phone calls, and other more solitary work. When balanced properly, tremendous productivity gains are possible, so think long and hard on this question.
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